In the field of transplant pathology, the introduction of high-quality WSI scanners within facilities such as organ retrieval centers enables the establishment of regional, national, and/or international networks of on-call expert pathologists who are subspecialized in all organ systems.
Leveraging such telepathology can allow surgical pathology support to be remotely offered to pathologists located at distant sites, including during intraoperative (IO) procedures.
Apart from primary diagnosis, WSI has also been utilized for remote frozen section (FS) interpretation, teleconsultation for a second opinion, image analysis, education, and proficiency testing.įor teleconsultation, glass slides at the client site can be scanned, then uploaded, and hosted or transmitted to a networked server along with relevant metadata (e.g., case accession number, clinical information) and made available to a single or multiple distant consultant pathologists almost instantly. Using WSI for primary diagnosis has now been approved in many countries including Canada, the European Union, and most recently in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration. Primary diagnosis by WSI is defined as establishing a final diagnosis solely by review of digital images without relying on manually examining glass slides using a conventional light microscope. The key components of a DP system include hardware (scanner, workstation with display, server), software (image management system, image viewer, and image analysis), and network connectivity.
WSI comprises two components: image acquisition to create digital slides that replicate glass slides and viewing these whole-slide images in a manner that simulates (virtual) microscopy. Digital pathology (DP), including whole-slide imaging (WSI), holds great promise for supporting many of the functions required in general surgical pathology service.
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